author(s)
Hana Azeez Bayz, Suzan Ali Hussein and Osamah Ibrahim Ahmed

abstract
This study was\r\nconducted at the Agricultural Research and Experiments Station of the Faculty\r\nof Agriculture/ Department of Horticulture and Garden Engineering-University of\r\nKirkuk/Iraq, during the growing season 2023. The study aims at studying the\r\neffect of mulching with three types (Non mulching, Sawdust and Charcoal) where\r\nthe mulching was done once with a thickness of 5 cm and on a circular area with\r\na radius of 30 cm. The vegetative total was sprayed with three concentrations\r\nof salicylic acid (0, 100 and 150) mg liter and on five sprays with an interval\r\nof 15 days between each spray starting from 20/4 to 20/6 for two varietiesof young vines (Halwani and Kamali). The experiment\r\nwas carried out according to the design of the complete random sectors\r\n(R.C.B.D) as a factor experiment and with three replicates. The results showed\r\nthat the mulching levels were affected significantly, as the mulching with\r\ncharcoal led to a significant superiority in all the studied characteristics\r\n(Stem length, Stem diameter, area of one leaf and the percentage of total\r\nchlorophyll in the leaves). The mulching reached 114.89 cm, 6.66 mm, 88.51 cm²,\r\n7.316% respectively compared to the comparison treatment, while the number of\r\nleaves was significantly affected when covering with sawdust. It rose to\r\n134.556 vine leaves^-1. The effect of spraying treatment with\r\nsalicylic growth regulator is significant in all characteristics when spraying\r\n150 mg L^-1. In terms of the varieties, the Kamli variety outperformed\r\nthe Halwani (stem length, number of leaves and area of one leaf), while the\r\nHalwani outperformed the percentage of total chlorophyll. Also, the varieties\r\ndid not differ among themselves in the characteristic of the diameter of the\r\nmain stem. Bilateral and triple overlap between factor levels included in the\r\nstudy had significant effects on most of the characteristics examined.